The Chandrayaan-1 has finally reached its intended final circular lunar orbit at a height of 100 km above the lunar surface. This was achieved following a series of three orbit reduction maneuvers in the past three days by firing the 440 Newton Liquid Engine.

The engine was fired successively for a duration of about sixteen minutes for the maneuvers. In the first step, the farthest point of the spacecraft's orbit from the Moon's surface (aposelene) was first reduced from 7,502 km to 255 km and finally to 100 km, while the nearest point (periselene) was reduced from 200 km to 182 km and finally 100 km.
The carefully planned complex sequence of operations to carry Chandrayaan-1 from its Earth orbit to its intended lunar orbit using its liquid engine is thus complete. The liquid engine was fired a total of ten times to achieve this. Chandrayaan-1 is now orbiting the Moon once every two hours.
This is a polar orbit and when the spacecraft passes over the polar regions, it will conduct chemical, mineralogical and photo geological mapping of the moon using 11 scientific instruments (payloads) onboard. Of these, Terrain Mapping Camera (TMC) and Radiation Dose Monitor (RADOM) have already been successfully switched ON and are operational. If you remember, we have posted pictures taken by the TMC in our previous article.
Now that it has reached its final orbit, the next major event scheduled to happen in the coming days is the release of the Moon Impact Probe (MIP) and its eventual hitting of the lunar surface. It will gather information about future soft-landing in preparation for the manned Indian lunar mission tentatively planned for 2015. Chandrayaan will remain in this orbit for the next two years.
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